It is estimated that more than a single million adults inside the UK are at present living with the long-term consequences of brain injuries (Headway, 2014b). Rates of ABI have elevated considerably in recent years, with estimated increases more than ten years ranging from 33 per cent (Headway, 2014b) to 95 per cent (HSCIC, 2012). This raise is due to a range of things like improved emergency response purchase DM-3189 following injury (Powell, 2004); much more cyclists interacting with heavier visitors flow; increased participation in unsafe sports; and bigger numbers of incredibly old men and women in the population. According to Good (2014), the most typical causes of ABI within the UK are falls (22 ?43 
per cent), assaults (30 ?50 per cent) and road site visitors accidents (circa 25 per cent), though the latter category accounts to get a disproportionate variety of extra serious brain injuries; other causes of ABI incorporate sports injuries and domestic violence. Brain injury is additional typical amongst guys than ladies and shows peaks at ages fifteen to thirty and more than eighty (Nice, 2014). International information show similar patterns. For instance, in the USA, the Centre for Illness Control estimates that ABI impacts 1.7 million Americans every year; youngsters aged from birth to 4, older teenagers and adults aged more than sixty-five possess the highest rates of ABI, with males far more susceptible than females across all age ranges (CDC, undated, Traumatic Brain Injury inside the United states: Fact Sheet, readily available on the net at www.cdc.gov/ traumaticbraininjury/get_the_facts.html, accessed December 2014). There’s also escalating awareness and concern inside the USA about ABI amongst military personnel (see, e.g. Okie, 2005), with ABI rates reported to exceed onefifth of combatants (Okie, 2005; Terrio et al., 2009). While this article will focus on present UK policy and practice, the problems which it highlights are relevant to several national contexts.Acquired Brain Injury, Social Work and PersonalisationIf the causes of ABI are wide-ranging and unevenly distributed across age and gender, the impacts of ABI are similarly diverse. Some individuals make an excellent recovery from their brain injury, while others are left with significant ongoing issues. Moreover, as Headway (2014b) cautions, the `initial diagnosis of severity of injury isn’t a dependable indicator of long-term problems’. The prospective impacts of ABI are nicely described each in (non-social operate) academic literature (e.g. Fleminger and Ponsford, 2005) and in individual accounts (e.g. Crimmins, 2001; Perry, 1986). Nevertheless, offered the limited interest to ABI in social perform literature, it can be worth 10508619.2011.638589 listing a few of the frequent after-effects: physical difficulties, cognitive difficulties, impairment of executive functioning, adjustments to a person’s behaviour and alterations to emotional regulation and `personality’. For many men and women with ABI, there will be no physical indicators of impairment, but some may possibly experience a selection of physical issues such as `loss of co-ordination, muscle rigidity, paralysis, epilepsy, difficulty in speaking, loss of sight, smell or taste, fatigue, and sexual problems’ (Headway, 2014b), with fatigue and headaches becoming particularly widespread soon after cognitive activity. ABI may perhaps also lead to cognitive troubles such as complications with journal.pone.0169185 memory and reduced speed of details processing by the brain. These physical and cognitive aspects of ABI, while difficult for the individual concerned, are comparatively simple for social workers and other folks to conceptuali.