And leucocyte infiltration that, together with microglia activation, astrogliosis, inflammation, and immune responses, add to the pathogenic mechanisms for many from the COVID-19 neurological symptoms and complications (Figure 2D). The causes and remedies of chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection from the OE and persistent post-COVID-19 ODs within a significant variety of COVID-19 convalescents deserve additional investigation.Author Contributions: Conceptualization, F.L. and D.Y.W.; writing–original draft AZD4625 Biological Activity preparation, F.L.; writing–review and editing, F.L. and D.Y.W.; visualization, F.L. and D.Y.W.; funding acquisition, F.L. and D.Y.W. All authors have read and agreed to the published version on the manuscript. Funding: The authors’ study is supported by academic research fund in the Ministry of Education, Singapore, grant quantity R181-000-182-114 (For FY Liang), and also the Singapore National Healthcare Research Council, Singapore (NMRC COVID19RF2-0002) (For DY Wang). Institutional Review Board Statement: The study was performed as outlined by the guidelines on the Declaration of Helsinki, and authorized by the Institutional Assessment Board of the National University of Singapore (protocol code: R18-0370, date of approval: 29 August 2018; protocol code: 699/04, date of approval: 31 January 2005). Informed Consent Statement: Not applicable. Data Availability Statement: Not applicable. Acknowledgments: The authors thank Jennie Wong, Healthcare and Scientific Communication, Study Assistance Unit, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Wellness Program, for help within the language editing of your manuscript. Conflicts of Interest: The authors declare no conflict of interest.Viruses 2021, 13,ten of
agronomyArticleWheat Density Alters but Will not Repress the Expression of a Fluroxypyr-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) PhenotypeCharles M. Geddes and Michael T. KimminsAgriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge Research and Development Centre, 5403 1st Avenue South, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B7, Canada; [email protected] Correspondence: [email protected]: Geddes, C.M.; Kimmins, M.T. Wheat Density Alters but Doesn’t Repress the Expression of a Fluroxypyr-Resistant Kochia (Bassia scoparia) Phenotype. Agronomy 2021, 11, 2160. https://doi.org/10.3390/ agronomy11112160 Academic Editor: Ilias Travlos, Per Rydahl, Jose Montull, Arnd Verchwele and SC-19220 Epigenetic Reader Domain Panagiotis Kanatas Received: 30 September 2021 Accepted: 25 October 2021 Published: 27 OctoberAbstract: Dose-response experiments for confirmation of herbicide-resistant weeds are pretty much normally conducted employing weed monocultures, thereby ignoring the interaction of interspecific plant interference with herbicide efficacy. Controlled-environment dose-response bioassays were carried out using 3 kochia [Bassia scoparia (L.) A.J. Scott] populations with 4 spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) densities (0, 200, 400, and 600 plants m-2 ) to determine how growing intensity of interspecific plant interference altered the fluroxypyr dose-response relationship of resistant and susceptible kochia. The resistant population exhibited ten.8-, 15.0-, 7.0-, and eight.1-fold resistance to fluroxypyr within the absence of crop interference depending on plant survival, biomass fresh weight, and visible handle at two and four weeks following application, respectively. Elevated wheat densities suppressed fluroxypyrresistant kochia the greatest, resulting in a linear reduction within the fluroxypyr rate causing 50 plant mortality (LD50 ).