Posure of astrocytes to morphine induced the expression and secretion of miR-23 inside the EVs, which, upon uptake by the pericytes resulted in their migration. On top of that, CD72 Proteins Biological Activity within the pericytes that had taken up morphine stimulated astrocyte EVs, there was downregulation of phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN), a target of miR-23. Summary/Conclusion: Our findings indicate that morphine-mediated dysregulation of miRNA expression inside the CNS requires astrocyte-pericyte communication by means of the extracellular vesicles, leading, in turn, to loss of pericyte coverage at the BBB. Funding: This operate was supported by grants DA040397, MH112848 (S.B.) and DA042704, DA046831 (G.H.) from the National Institutes of Wellness. The assistance by Nebraska Center for Substance Abuse Study is acknowledged.PT07.07=OWP2.Diagnostic microRNA biomarkers from circulating extracellular vesicles for early detection of pneumonia and extreme secondary complications Stefanie Hermanna, Benedikt Kirchnerb, Dominik Buschmannc, Melanie M ted, Florian Brandesd, Stefan Kotschotee, Michael Boninf, Marlene Reithmairg, BAFF R/CD268 Proteins custom synthesis Matthias Kleinh, Gustav Schellingd and Michael Pfafflda Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, College of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Germany; b Animal Physiology and Immunology, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, Freising, Freising, Germany; cTUM College of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Division of Animal Physiology and Immunology, Freising, Freising, Germany; d Division of Anesthesiology, University Hospital, Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity Munich, M chen, Germany; eIMGM Laboratories GmbH, Planegg, Martinsried, Germany; fIMGM Laboratories GmbH, Planegg, Germany, Martinsried, USA; gInstitute of Human Genetics, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, M chen, Germany; h Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig-MaximiliansUniversity Munich, M chen, GermanyIntroduction: Pneumonia remains probably the most deadly communicable ailments, causing three million deaths worldwide in 2016. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are pivotal through signal transfer within the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung diseases. Considering that identifying pneumonia is especially challenging in higher risk groups (e.g. the elderly or infants), which generally present with atypical symptoms and are at higher danger for secondary complications which include sepsis or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), new approaches for early diagnosis are required. Within this study we identified EV microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential biomarkers for inflammatory modifications with the pulmonary tissue. Methods: Our study integrated 13 individuals with community-acquired pneumonia, 14 ARDS individuals, 22 individuals with sepsis and 31 healthier controls. Following precipitating EVs from 1 ml serum, total RNA was extracted. Subsequent to library preparation and modest RNA-Seq, differential gene expression analysis was performed employing DESeq2. Data have been filtered by mean miRNA expression of 50 reads, minimum twofold up or down regulation and adjusted p-value 0.05. Final results: The mean relative miRNA frequency varied slightly among the diverse groups and was highest in volunteers. Quick sequences ( 16 nucleotides), possibly degradation goods from longer coding and non-coding RNA species, had been predominantly detected in individuals. According to unsupervised clustering, individuals may very well be distinctly separated from healthy individuals. Despite the fact that 21 miRNAs were drastically r.