Falling asleep and non-restorative sleep. While published evidence linking dietary calcium (or calcium supplementation) with insomnia symptoms, fewer sleep issues linked with enhanced calcium might have been a result on effects of calcium on lowering blood pressure(Liebman et al., 1986). Theobromine was identified to be related with daytime sleepiness. This is somewhat in conflict with a previous report from this sample associating theobromine with reduced likelihood of extended sleep duration (Grandner et al., 2013), which is connected with improved daytime sleepiness (Grandner and Kripke, 2004). Since theobromine might have stimulant qualities (Benton, 2004) and is often discovered in merchandise containing caffeine, this may well reflect enhanced consumption of foods or drinks that may possibly function as stimulants by these with daytime sleepiness (even though it ought to be noted that there have been no substantial findings for caffeine within this sample). Vitamin D was connected with much less difficulty preserving sleep. Even though research on sleep effects of vitamin D is scarce, prior study has shown that dietary vitamin D was associated with later sleep timing and elevated subjective napping in postmenopausal girls (Grandner et al.Anti-Mouse CTLA-4 Antibody , 2010).MK-6240 Lycopene, an antioxidant with effects on cell differentiation and development (Palozza et al., 2011), was also connected with much less difficulty falling asleep. In a previous study in this sample, really quick sleepers have been found to haveJ Sleep Res. Author manuscript; offered in PMC 2015 February 01.Grandner et al.Pageconsumed significantly less lycopene than 7 hour sleepers (Grandner et al., 2013). Potassium was related with much less daytime sleepiness. 1 preceding study found that potassium was related with earlier sleep timing (Sato-Mito et al.PMID:23443926 , 2011), although if there is certainly a typical mechanism, it’s unknown. The obtaining that salt use was related with impaired sleep is the opposite of what was reported in a previous study that discovered that restricted sodium intake brought on sleep disruption (Vitiello et al., 1983). The present study discovered that extra total moisture was connected with difficulty preserving sleep, non-restorative sleep, and daytime sleepiness, but that more total plain water consumed was related with less non-restorative sleep and daytime sleepiness. In this context, information from this very same sample showed that greater water intake was connected with significantly less likelihood of really brief or quick sleep duration (Grandner et al., 2013), in addition to a preceding study located that water was associated with higher actigraphic sleep time and fewer subjective naps (Grandner et al., 2010). The difference amongst these variables is that water intake was distinct to water itself, and total moisture refers towards the total moisture content of all foods and beverages (e.g., watermelon, lettuce, coffee). These benefits suggest that drinking far more water, which is a behavior connected with a variety of wellness positive aspects (Muckelbauer et al., 2009), may possibly also be related with healthy sleep, but that total moisture consumption might have some adverse effects on sleep, perhaps resulting from fragmentation brought on by much more frequent sensations concerning urination (Ancoli-Israel et al., 2011). Difficulty falling asleep was associated with greater intake of hexadecanoic acid, a saturated fat, whereas it was connected with less intake of dodecanoic acid, a monounsaturated fat. Difficulty maintaining sleep was also connected with less intake of each dodecanoic acid and butanoic a.