Isdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.Abstract: In this paper we examined the interaction involving greenhouse gas emissions, nuclear energy, coal power, urban agglomeration, and economic growth in Pakistan by utilizing time series information in the course of 1972019. The stationarity of your Ganoderic acid DM site variables was tested via unit root tests, when the ARDL (autoregressive distributed lag) process with extended and short-run estimations was applied to reveal the linkages between variables. A unidirectional association between all variables was revealed by performing a Granger causality test below the vector error correction model (VECM) that was extracted through the short-run estimate. Additionally, the stepwise least squares technique was also utilized to check the robustness of the variables. The findings of long-run estimations showed that GHG emissions, coal power, and urban agglomeration have an adversative association with financial growth in Pakistan, when nuclear energy showed a dynamic association with the financial growth. The outcomes of short-run estimations also show that nuclear power features a constructive association with financial development, although the remaining variables exposed an adversative linkage to economic growth in Pakistan. Similarly, the Granger causality test beneath the vector error correction model (VECM) outcomes exposes that all variables have unidirectional association. Furthermore, the outcomes from the stepwise least squares approach reveals that GHG emissions and coal power have an adverse association with financial growth, and variables nuclear power and urban agglomeration have a productive linkage to the financial growth in Pakistan. GHG emissions are no doubt an emerging concern globally; hence, conservative policies and monetary assistance are necessary to tackle this challenge. Regardless of the truth that Pakistan contributes much less to greenhouse gas emissions than industrialized countries, the government have to implement new policies to address this problem in order to contribute to environmental sustainability even though also enhancing economic improvement. Key phrases: GHG emissions; energy consumption; nuclear power; economic development; carbon emission; environmentCopyright: 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is definitely an open access report distributed under the terms and circumstances of the Inventive Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (licenses/by/ four.0/).1. Introduction The consumption of energy has risen drastically through the past century because of many breakthroughs and each day improvements. Metabolic Enzyme/Protease| Consequently, almost every aspectEnergies 2021, 14, 7703. ten.3390/enmdpi/journal/energiesEnergies 2021, 14,2 ofof human life is becoming increasingly reliant on energy. Unquestionably, inexpensive and dependable power is crucial for all nations, but that is in particular correct for the creating nations. Demand for power has risen in numerous nations because of escalating industrialization, agricultural modernization, globalization, and superior transportation. Inside the absence of investment in domestic sources for instance water power, all-natural gas, and lignite, Pakistan remains reliant on energy imports. The biggest supply of power is biomass. The government has decided to halt the construction of new coal-fired energy plants as a consequence of environmental concerns. Public oil and gas companies are taking into consideration privatization for any quantity of factors [1]. Pakistan is 43.five reliant on imported oil for its entire energy mix. The.