R than 0.5; all p , 0.05). We also identified a important repeatability in
R than 0.5; all p , 0.05). We also located a significant repeatability within the departure dates in the colony for birds that changed their winter regions (r 0.7; p , 0.05), but not inside the timing of other events (all p . 0.05). (d) Stopovers The FPT analyses identified stopovers on 20 different journeys (27 ; n 72). Seventy per cent of those stopover areas coincided with identified wintering areasfor example, 5 birds went for the northwest Atlantic before heading towards the South Atlantic (example in figure 2b), and seven men and women stayed for any handful of days within the central South Atlantic en route for the Benguela Agulhas region (figure 2c). The activity patterns throughout stopovers differed clearly from those in the remaining migration days: in certain, birds showed a higher price of landing on stopover days (table ). The greater landing price in the course of stopovers may indicate that birds had been actively fishing, and not just resting or waiting for any favourable wind. With the four birds tracked twice, six had stopovers, but through only among the list of journeys south, hence displaying no repeated use of stopovers in successive trips. Three of those birds returned for the identical wintering areas in successive years. four. (a) Wintering website selection: PK14105 site flexibility or fidelity This study documents exceptional individual flexibility inside the option of wintering web sites by a migrant seabird, theProc. R. Soc. B (20)Cory’s shearwater. This was expressed not simply inside the reasonably higher percentage of birds that changed their wintering location in successive years, but in addition in the variability and magnitude with the shifts. Some birds wintered more than PubMed ID:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25473311 7000 km apart in various years, in distinct hemispheres. This really is, towards the ideal of our know-how, the first report of a flexibility of such magnitude in the individual alternatives of a migratory bird, and is in striking contrast with final results from the couple of preceding studies of seabirds, which reported higher winter web site fidelity [26,43,44]. Despite the evident potential of Cory’s shearwaters to differ their migratory destinations, birds choose the exact same areas additional typically than will be expected by likelihood, revealing an general trend for fidelity. This mixture of constancy and flexibility appears to apply to the migratory journey itself, and not only the option of winter quarters. Stopovers had been typically made in regions made use of as wintering websites on other occasions, but, as in blackbrowed albatrosses Thalassarche melanophris [26], otherwise men and women didn’t show stopover website fidelity, regardless of a degree of withinindividual consistency apparent inside the use of migratory routes (figure 2e,f ) and schedules. This suggests that each person might have one (or perhaps numerous) `preferred’ migratory strategies (when it comes to route and wintering web page), but maintains the capacity to opt for options. Cory’s shearwaters have a number of and widespread prospective wintering areas, as shown by this and also other studies [28]. Knowledge on the conditions and foraging possibilities obtainable at these alternative internet sites is usually gathered throughout the life of a person, particularly throughout the initially years following fledging, as recommended for other seabirds [45,46]. Prior to the very first breeding attempt (at around nine years old), Cory’s shearwaters devote the majority of their time at sea [47]. Incidentally, the only young bird tracked by us (aged 45 years; age recognized because it was ringed as a chick) changed its primary wintering area from 1 year towards the subsequent, performing an astounding journey of 08 000 km dur.